Ctrip will give you a confirmation number. You take that number with your passport to the ticket window for picking up online tickets. (In smaller stations there may not be a special window set aside for this.) If you go to the wrong window, no doubt you'll be pointed to the right one.
Two caveats. Your actual passport number must match the number in the ticketing system; no match no ticket. Second, I believe ticket issuance stops some time before departure, and the computer just won't spit out the ticket after that. But I think the cutoff point may vary by station in China.
I think some online agency may be able to pick up tickets for their ticketed travelers, but I never did that. So I am not sure.
There are a few points about picking up tickets:
* Travel doc/ID information must be an exact match as you mention.
* Must have confirmation number(s) ready.
* Some stations have a separate room to pick up tickets before entering the "real" station area. Some stations pickup areas are in the "real" station area but require the passengers to pick up tickets before entering security check. There are also stations that passengers can clear security before getting tickets.
* Passport holders must pick up from counter windows, and the lines can be long (from almost no wait time to an hour).
* If passengers like to pick up multiple tickets to avoid waiting in lines again, they can do that with a fee for each subsequent ticket.