It's a fairly well organized - just follow the crowd/signs.

If you've not been to Dubai before there are 2 things worth noting:
1 - Ladies Only taxi's - these have pink instead of red paint on the roof and are in a separate lane. I'm not convinced it's for ladies only but don't feel the need to find out.
2 - Premium taxi's. I believe these are also government run but there's usually a guy or 2 marshaling tourists at the taxi rank. Lately the Marshalls have been a bit more keen/assertive about pointing you to premium taxis; it's usually a Volvo/BMW. If you want to take a normal taxi, ignore this guy and just walk over to the nearest taxi.

Taxi's are safe/regulated and unless you really want a premium ride (nothing wrong with that) there is no reason not to take one. I get a bit peeved at the Marshall's trying to make it look like the premium cars are the the only available option.

FYI: Jumeriah Beach is roughly 100 AED if it helps. Most other popular hotel locations will be nearer and cost less