This is a great area. Calgary is certainly worth an extended visit, but seeing as you only have five days your time would probably be better spent elsewhere. If you like museums, don't miss the Glenbow. Make sure you go to a steakhouse, Calgary gives Kansas City, Chicago, Fort Worth, etc. a run for their money. Hy's is the classic Calgary steakhouse, though there are a couple others that are more highly rated. For Calgary hotels, I'd go with the Hyatt Regency or Fairmont Palliser. I've heard good things about the Sheraton Suites Eau Claire (never stayed there, just walked past it) out by the Eau Claire mall/entertainment area. The Calgary Marriott doesn't look very nice (again, I haven't stayed there, only walked past).

My only lodge experience is with Fairmont/Canadian Pacific at Chateau Lake Louise and Banff Springs. Very nice. I have a strong preference for Lake Louise. I look forward to returning and exploring the lodges more off the beaten path as l'etoile suggests.