Here is the breakdown of miles received when booking the trip, as a Skymiles member, through the partner airline (all segments and legs on one ticket, coach):

SAN JFK
— DL 2404 —
2,446 MQMs
$209 MQDs
1,045 Base Miles
Reward Method: R

JFK SVO
— SU 0103 —
2,331 MQMs
$699 MQDs
3,496 Base Miles
Reward Method: D

SVO JFK
— SU 0100 —
2,331 MQMs
$466 MQDs
2,331 Base Miles
Reward Method: D

JFK SAN
— DL 0446 —
2,446 MQMs
$206 MQDs
1,030 Base Miles
Reward Method: R

The ticket was paid with Delta Amex, in foreign currency, 97,000.00 RUR, posted as $1,436.61 in USD. As you can see, there is slight advantage in MQDs (likely due to currency fluctuations); and I have not tried figuring out the fairness in miles.

The base miles equal to MQMs on the SVO-JFK segment are puzzling.