Forget the passport. Her learner's permit will do the trick.

Here in Maryland, a learner's permit is an ID card containing the same info as a driver's license, and completely usable as a state-issued ID for all purposes. Maryland also issues a non-driver ID that's almost identical to a license, except that it says "non-driver ID" on it.

A little Googling shows me that this is the case in CA as well. Which means that your daughter's learner's permit would have been accepted just as readily as an actual license. It's a government-issued ID, it's a permit to drive (provisionally), and it has her photo, DOB, and an expiration date on it.

If you're nervous, you can put the expired passport and school ID in her carryon as backups, but realistically, just have her use the learner's permit as she would a license. I doubt that the TSOs will bat an eye at it; they see all sorts of different state-issued IDs all the time.