Amsterdam is such a lovely city built around canals. It isn't very big at all and the entire city center can be seen on foot within 2 days. There's no need to feel rushed here.

Take a canal boat ride which is about an hour or so. It provides a nice overview of the city. The museum IluvParis recommended are indeed must sees especially the Anne Frank house and the Van Gogh Museum.

The best Indonesian food I've had ever was at Kanjil on Spuistraat. Make reservations as it is always full even on weekdays. Luden was is across the street has an excellent Prix-fixe dinner menu and serves delectable French food. Reservations are a must. Another great French restaurant is Van Harte.

Have fun, I return to Amsterdam often because it is great for long weekends to relax and walk around the idyllic canals. Everything in my opinion is reasonable in comparison to other European cities even in comparison to US cities.