There are quite a few credit unions in Hawai`i includinglocations on Kaua`i and the Big Island. I am not certain, but I believe, as a credit union member, they do not impose the foreign ATM surcharge.
Here is a good link that gives an overview of where the Hawaiian credit unions are located.
http://www.hcul.org/Home/default.asp
AFAIK, the major banks with ATM locations on the neighbor islands (Bank of Hawai`i, First Hawaiian Bank, American Savings Bank, etc.) all apply the surcharge.
Of course, you can always elect to make a POS purchase with a debit card and ask for cash back.