Moderator, Air Canada; FlyerTalk Evangelist
Join Date: Feb 2015
Location: YYC
Programs: AC SE MM, FB Plat, WS Plat, BA Silver, DL GM, Marriott Plat, Hilton Gold, Accor Silver
Posts: 16,801
Miles are usually awarded based on who the operating carrier is. So even though you bought the ticket from AF, you would almost certainly NOT get AF miles on the AC-operated YUL-YYZ.
But you should be able to earn Aeroplan points on that segment, if you make sure that AC has your Aeroplan number on file for it.