I know that there are people who have had a "fuss" made by TSA at a checkpoint for an international trip, but I do not know anybody who was unable to overcome the "fuss" at the checkpoint, with a supervisor. Along with the passport replacing document (read temporary passport), they had been asked to produce other ID such as a DL and, barring that, other documents which tend to identify. These could include non-official ID's from an employer or a school, utility bills, vehicle registrations and the like.