Originally Posted by jiejie

If you have a US passport, then no, a 10-year Chinese visa will be good for the full 10 years even if your current passport will expire before then. Once you get a new (renewed) passport, you'll need to travel to China carrying both old passport with the 10-year visa, and the new passport. As of now, there are no data points nor information on whether the Chinese will be willing to transfer the old visa into the new US passport.