One thing that isn't clear; OP said that AA changed his connection from 4h (good planning in MIA) to 1.5h (MCT I->D, not doable with checked luggage and without Global Entry.) This seems to be a case of caveat emptor, and people could say that OP should have called and requested a change to his connection when it happened. However, without the good folks here, and asking in advance, I wouldn't have known that MIA customs & immigration is a complete cluster and that I->D MCT there doesn't always reflect reality. Just had my first (and hopefully last) experience with MIA C&I the weekend before Christmas. Had our connection not been extended by 90 minutes due to a schedule change, it would have been cutting it close, and we have GE.

I feel bad for OP for ending up in that situation because of the schedule change. Unfortunately, the burden is always on the passenger to proactively manage their reservation, something that comes as a shock to many causal travelers. ("Why would the airline reschedule me to a connection I can't make?")

AA did *something* after the fact, even if it wasn't as much as OP wanted. Being around holidays and the restart of business travel, there aren't a lot of seats open at the last minute, and no airline is going to pay IDB to accomodate a missed plane, even if it was ultimately due to circumstances beyond OP's control on the day of travel.

OP: Be polite when you e-mail customer service, state the facts, including the reduced connection time on the schedule change, but don't expect anything in return. You may get something, but as many have pointed out before me, AA really doesn't owe you anything.