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You cannot transfer AA miles to any other airline -- not even a oneworld airline -- without going through one or more other programs and usually suffering significant devaluation of your miles along the way.
You can, however, redeem AA miles on any oneworld carrier, as well as about a dozen or so other carriers. (AA has many non-oneworld partners.)
For travel from ORD to Europe, you can redeem AA miles for travel on AA, AB, AY, BA, IB, and 9W. Redemptions on BA should be avoided, because of high surcharges. The aa.com website displays award availability on AA, AB, AY, and BA. You must call AA for award travel on IB and 9W. Not all of these carriers serve ORD, so connections at other North American cities will be required in some cases.