I'm intrigued by this comment:
•Enterprise employee refuses to document them, since they're "smaller than a golf ball" (this should have been the first red flag)
Practically every time I have rented a car I have been given an inspection sheet and have been asked to mark any damage on it. In other words, it's up to me to note any damage, not the rental car company staff.
Seems odd to me that this rental agency would leave it to the discretion of their staff.