This part you can't complain about because they do have the airplane symbol for trains that go to Schiphol. From anywhere in the country. And at Amsterdam Centraal, there is a dedicated Airport monitor when you walk in that shows all the trains going to Schiphol.

As for the rest, I agree it might be tough for a jet-lagged tourist, but for regular business travelers you ought to be able to sort it out by your 2nd or 3rd trip. As I noted above there is a dedicated NS agent sitting at a desk right in the middle of the hall directing people to their trains. Ditto for many other big train stations in the Netherlands. The agent probably gets asked a thousand times per day "which track for the train to Amsterdam?"

And in my case I made it a priority years ago to get a local PIN card so I have no worries with buying train tickets and lots of other things in the Netherlands.