If you are going to be traveling too small places in China frequently, you should use Skyteam. However, the redemptions are awful and frustrating - especially for a Novice. Cz and MU do charge surcharges, but not as bad as BA (on BA).

The only real long haul to WUH is from CDG, so you'll always require a connection.

As good as CX and KA are, connecting in HKG is out of the way and requires longer flight times.

Honestly speaking, you can always just buy a round trip ticket to a major gateway and then use Ctrip to buy a connecting flight to Wuhan for less than a ticket all the way to Wuhan on one ticket.

I'd go with StAr Alliance and credit to UA, But that doesn't make it easy to get to PPT. There is a NRT PPT flight accessible with DL and AA miles but I doubt availability is good. You're best going to the Chinese travel agencies locally for this I think.