I only know of "cheap" upgrades offered on trans-tasman routes. ....
I have seen QF offer cash upgrades that were less than the fare difference ex-LHR, NRT, HKG and SIN but not always and maybe not often. It was always double or triple the price compared to other airlines offering such upgrades (e.g. BA) on similar routes. But times change and who knows what QF is doing this month