The TSA ought not be a problem even in this regard, however Nicaragua may make a stink about it but the most likely to make a stink about it are the airlines which can make a stink over just about anything, everything or nothing. [I have traveled with passports with much more significant issues than that shown in your passport image, and it has generally been just fine for me. Having additional photo ID and other docs can help when dealing with some overzealous airline employees/contractors.]

There is still time for expedited passport issuance at some US Passport Agencies in the US. The Nicaraguan passport control are unlikely to care about such minor partial disappearance of a birthdate character.