No, you can't. It has to be a Delta coded and Delta operated flight (which includes Delta Connection, but not partners like KLM).
Eligible only on Delta and Delta Connection® carrier flights booked at delta.com under the DL code.
http://www.delta.com/content/www/en_...ith-miles.html
I also just did a test-booking. Flights on Delta show PWM eligible. Flights on partners do not, even if it is a DL codeshare.