Orbitmic is right (in my case): The RBC rewards points are used as cash equivalent. The CC company has paid the tickets.
However, the saga continues. From the friendly folks from Flying Blue in Ontario I could not get a clear answer to any of my questions; all they did was referring me to their terms and conditions-website. If I could have found the answer there, I would not have contacted them...

However, the people @KLM (on Twitter) have been absolutely wonderful, and have tried their best to find out if all flights accrue miles or not.
Their answer: 3 of the 4 flights are eligible for accrual; all except for the last.
The argument is that that flight is operated by Compass, dba Delta Connection.

While I'm very grateful for their help, and their answer, how does that make sense?
The first leg in my itinerary is also operated by a different airline (Skywest), also dba Delta Connection. and looking at the fare classes in my receipt (see above) they should all count.

I guess I will find out for sure when I make the actual flights... it's all as clear as mud to me :-/