I expect that merchant card surcharges would produce a similar initial negative reaction, but if presented as a discount for payment with a debit card they will be popular and enduring.
I agree, if merchants offer debit (for example) as a discount over a credit card, then more consumers may take the discount over the ability to defer payment / get points / have extended warranty / etc.
Adding a credit card surcharge seems very risky for the business to me, but offering a discount for debit is probably seen as a carrot as opposed to a stick. Many of my customers understand the cost of using credit cards, especially premium cards. Some would still take the points, some may opt for some cash off.
I am in Canada, and debit is very prevalent here, and the fees are typically 5 to 8 cents per transaction.