1. Where did you hear that there aren't ID checks at the gate? TSA is running a lot of random secondaries at the gate.
2. This is largely a revenue, not a security issue. Both pax have been cleared through a checkpoint, so the immediate consequence would be ticket cancellations and the like.
3. Depending on whether TSA decided to pursue the matter, it could do anything from proposing up to an $11,000 civil fine or it could refer the matter for possible criminal prosecution. Such an action would probably result in being subjected to a lot of extra scrutiny for a long long time.