Originally Posted by CityFlyer99

Not quite true. ETOPS operation has no direct correlation to water or distance over water. It refers to single-engine flight times between diversion airfields, regardless as to whether such fields are separated by water or land. Thus Greenland / Northern Canada are also issues - Kangerlussuaq and Søndre Strømfjord being key diversion fields available.

Furthermore, ETOPS applies to twins on routes with diversion time more than 60 minutes at one engine inoperative speed, and also applies to 4-engined aircraft more than 180 minutes diversion time.