You've likely consumed dozens of products using cochineal, crushed beetle powder for want of a better description, during your life. I's pretty common, a little bit goes a long way and it's been price competitive with "synthetic organics", compounds no less potentially toxic (and maybe a lot more toxic, since eating bugs is pretty safe in most cases while wasn't that old "Red Dye #2" that looked to be carcinogenic?).

From the tiny shellfish used to produce the Romans' "Imperial Purple" (not purple in modern eyes) through hundreds of other natural products used as dyes, that's all the we had until the 19th century (and the Germans, IIRC) brought us the magic marvels of modern organic chemistry, any color or flavor you might want from coal tars or crude oil.