Sadly, I'll be in Rome the following weekend. If your teenage boys want to experience some of the "life of the city"..take them to the Spanish steps at night. Its teeming with local teenagers and young adults, hanging out with their friends and girl/boyfriends.
For touristy things.. Forum and Coliseum (at least from the outside), Trevi fountain, St Peters and the Vatican will keep you more than occupied for your short stay. I can bring pictures to dinner in Seattle if you like.