I'm wondering the same, since TSA is a federal agency. Now, if each State were to be in charge of its own airports' security, then you might have a claim. Section 1 of the 14th Amendment defines U.S. citizenship and also stipulates that no State may deny the right to life, liberty or property w/o due process to anyone under its jurisdiction, citizen or non. Based on this text alone, the federal government would appear exempt from that particular clause.

I cannot find anywhere that states whether any of the rights outlined in Amendments 1-10 (or beyond) apply differently to citizens vs. non, though I'll admit, I'm no constitutional scholar.