One other option if you're purchasing a ticket: get a SQ RTW. You'd need to handle the domestic USA segments to and from CLT and some of the travel in Asia separately (either doing SIN-BKK-SIN as a separate ticket).
SQ RTWs
in F can be had for around $7000 (one important note: you will not get F on A388s, you will get C), so they may be a viable option for you (and might actually price less than some business class tickets even if you add in a few hundred dollars in cheap coach tickets to handle things like CLT-JFK or SIN-BKK-SIN). The thread that discusses them is
here.
Are there any *A airlines where I could use US miles to upgrade to first?
Yes (SQ wouldn't be an option, in all likelihood, since *A upgrades aren't allowed to SQ F save for their last couple of 747 routes), but the ticket you will be required to purchase is likely to be quite expensive (
full C or D, no deeply discounted business class like Z). It would be considerably less expensive just to buy the US miles necessary for a full F award redemption from US (though you would lose the flexibility of having a paid full-fare ticket).
I don't think there is any other way to go to TPAC to BKK with lie flat C and F seats.
But plenty of ways to go TATL.