Updated with more flights 
To sum up you have for *A:
- CA MUC-ATH-MUC on A330.
- TK LHR-IST-LHR on A330/A340 regularly, sometimes on 77W .
- TK CDG-IST-CDG, BRU-IST-BRU and DUS-IST-DUS on A330/A340 sometimes but you need to be lucky as UTA_flyinghigh mentioned.
- SQ MAN-MUC-MAN on 772.
- SQ IST-ATH-IST on 772, 3 times a week from October 31st.
- TP LIS-TER-LIS on A330 sometimes.
Soon in *A (maybe)
- Ethiopian (ET) ARN-FCO-ARN sometimes on B767 (mostly on B757)
Slightly outside Europe
- LH FRA-TLV-FRA on A340 or B747.
- LH FRA-CAI-FRA on A340.
- LX ZRH-CAI-ZRH on A340.
Additionaly TK has used A330/A340 to other destinations (ARN, OSL, CPH), but these are not scheduled, so it would be pure luck if you ended up on a wide body for these routes.
SQ has several intra-european routes without trafic rights (BCN-MXP-BCN for example).
The only F Class on *A intra Europe widebody is TK with LHR-IST-LHR on 77W, when you find it...
If you look outside *A you have for OneWorld:
- British Ariways (BA) which uses a 767 relatively frequently to the following european routes: FRA, CDG, ATH, FCO, ARN, MAD, LCA, IST, DME, TLV (if you consider the last 2 to be within Europe or at least not so far, and probably other destinations as well...).
- Iberia (IB) MAD-TFN-MAD and MAD-LPA-MAD on A340 sometimes.
- LAN Airlines (LA) FRA-MAD-FRA on A340.
And if you look at SkyTeam:
- KE (Korean) operates a 747 or a 777 between VIE and ZRH (not the other way around). F class used to be offered, but it seems only C is available these days.
- AF used an A380 last summer for crew training on CDG-LHR-CDG. F class was not available, but C, and Y were if I remember well. That was only for a few weeks though. I wish they'd do it again
And outside of those alliances you have:
- Emirates (EK) LCA-MLA-LCA on A330.
- Cyprus Airways (CY) LCA-LHR-LCA on A330 quite regularly.
- Kuwait Airways (KU) FRA-GVA-FRA on A340 / CDG-FCO-CDG on A300.
- Pakistan International (PK) OSL-CPH on 777 sometimes (mostly week ends).
Finally slightly outside on Europe:
- El Al (YY) operates to several european destinations with B767.
- Egytpair (MS) also operates to several european destinations with A330.