Does anyone know if Diners Club itself, not credit card issuer, charges foreign transaction fee? I know Visa and MasterCard both charge 1% fee for all foreign transactions, and most credit card issuers add more fee on top of that which usually makes the fee higher than 1%. Meanwhile very few card issuers like Capital One absorbs 1% fee charged by Visa or MasterCard instead of passing it to customers which totally eliminates foreign transaction fee.

I am curious if the foreign transaction fee charged upon using Diners Club card is imposed partially by Diners Club and partially by credit card issuer, or imposed 100% by credit card issuer. Anyone has insight on this?