Premier maps to Star Alliance Silver, which does not have many benefits for a Lufthansa traveller and does not include lounge access for international travel. You'll need to obtain * Gold for that.
I think the remainder of your questions are best answered in the nearly identical thread you started in the Miles and More Forum, so I will ask members to direct their response there; thanks.
http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/miles...-ua-miles.html
FlyinHawaiian, Co-Moderator
United Mileage Plus Forum