Lived in Mali 04-06. Wonderful people, my second home. I don't want to lead you astray on how much to bring -- it really depends on so many things -- so I won't recommend a number. You can expect to spend $20-40 per night for moderate, simple hotels. Snacks and other food items will be just a few dollars a day. Meals, $5-20 depending on how elaborate you want to get. Some of the best food is the cheapest street food (well cooked, so relatively safe).

Bottled water is cheap and everywhere, but I do recommend bringing some purification tablets and/or compact purifier in case you get stuck somewhere in your travels and need water.

Make sure to consult with a tropical medicine specialist, take the right Malaria prophylaxis (you should begin before you leave), and sleep in a good mosquito tent. The cool weather in January will be in your favor, but you can never be too careful.

Keep in mind there are some security risks in the North near the Festival au Desert. Check travel.state.gov for the latest.

The Malian people will take extra care of you as a woman, especially the ones who aren't tied to the tourist industry (unfortunately, many tour guides are not of the best reputation). There are few safer places in the world for a woman. That said, you may want to wear a ring and pretend you are married -- "My husband is back home." -- for the awkward encounters.

Market prices in Mali are negotiable -- be prepared to bargain hard. But at the end of the day, realize that arguing over what amounts to a few dollars with someone who may be feeding an extended family of 20+... well, you get the point. I usually cut the salesman's initial offer on a touristy trinket by 30%, and work slowly up from there.

--Chris