Impossible. You have to go through immigration and quarantine first. Then pick up your luggage before you can return to the check-in area to re check-in and go through immigration again.

The Chinese airport is like US airport it is not designed for transit passengers. The authority want to count you as a visitor if you are transit there to chop on your passport both in and out.

Here is the process if you like.

http://www.shairport.com/images/pic_zzt1.jpg