For transportation, there are almost always English and Romaji (English phonetic translations) maps in larger train stations. It will be good to download a map of the area you will be traveling to before hand.

As for food, of course you already know some widely used terms such as sushi, sashimi, ramen, soba, tempura etc. Not at the higher end restaurants but many have picture menu and even wax displays. Most younger servers are eager to help even if their English is limited.