Sensu stricto, not exactly. AA do fly to NRT from several cities in the USA (JFK, ORD, DFW and LAX iirc,) and they do fly ORD-PVG and DEL as well. But they do not fly into any other Asia cities I can think of currently.

The entire alliance includes: American Airlines / American Eagle, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Finnair, Iberia, Japan Airlines (including Japan Asia Airways, JALways, Japan Transocean Air, JAL Express, and J-Air), LAN (including LAN Airlines, LAN Argentina, LAN Ecuador, LAN Express, and LAN Peru), Malév Hungarian Airlines, Qantas, and Royal Jordanian. (Mexicana and Click Mexicana later 2009.)

However, you will not earn elite bonus miles on several oneworld airlines: BA, Malév or JL in any case. AA also do have a number of partnership arrangements with other airlines, several including codeshare operation. On AA codeshares, you earn as if you were flying AA (but can not use upgrade instruments as if you were on AA.)

AA / oneworld are good to Latin American (and will be even better with MX / Click! Mexicana in the alliance later this year,) decent to Europe (with BA, IB and AY as partners,) and Africa and Australasia are reasonably well connected with oneworld - but no SWU opportunities at all.

I do suspect we may see some other major airline / alliance changes in the next year or two that might affect all this.