When you come in from the US, you can do the baggage drop after Canada Customs but before exiting into the arrivals area. That way your bags are taken care of and you just need to get yourself and carry on to the next gate through security.

You certainly have enough time to head down Barlow Trail (as others have mentioned) which is 15 minutes in cab at max, probably less at that time of night.

In the airport itself, there is a restaurant/bar called Montana's on the departures level behind the check-in area which does table service and is reasonably good food/reasonably priced. They have a lounge/bar area as well as a restaurant side.