Vancouver in November is generally either "warm" (relatively) and wet or cool/cold and dry. Daily highs might be around 13/14 but can be also 5/6. Going east, as others have said temperatures drop and end of November can be snowy (even early November some years). I was in Montreal in late November last year and ran into a cold snap - my heavy fall jacket, toque, and waterproof gloves (which is all I need in Vancouver at worst along with an umbrella) didn't cut it. The wind plus cold made it very unpleasant to be outside for that long. The cold snap disappeared the next day and the snow was gone within 2 days and the temperature was a good 6/7 degrees but just be prepared.

As far as train travel in general, just be very aware that it isn't "commuter" in the European sense outside of two limited corridors in North America - Toronto-Montreal-Ottawa-Quebec and New York/Washington trunks. Vancouver-Toronto is 4 1/2 to 5 hours of flight time.