As previously pointed out, the Government of India will require Yellow Fever if coming from an endemic area. The question of whether you need the other vaccinations is more a matter of personal choice. If you are someone who generally believes in vaccination, then you should have the same set that you should have no matter where you live. Hep A and B, Typhoid/Diphteria, tetanus, MMR, polio, etc.

While the risk may be lower if you are careful where you stay and eat, the risk for many of these diseases is greater in India than the U. S. and Western Europe, simply because there is a much larger unvaccinated population (airborne and person-to-person contact diseases). For the food-borne diseases, again the risk is reduced by staying in decent places as GU Wonder suggests, but a risk still exists, just as it does in the United States and Western Europe. Hep B is recommended because it is recommended by many doctors now in the U.S. regardless of whether you are travelling or not.

If you are someone who is at greater risk from adverse reactions to vaccinations, then you might prefer not to get it.