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Ethiopian Airlines: Boeing 737 Max 8 crashes on way to Kenya [ET302 ADD-NBO 10MAR19]

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Old Mar 13, 2019, 10:20 am
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Boeing 737 MAX 8 ET 302 registration ET-AVJ from Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) to Nairobi (Kenya) with 149 passengers and 8 crew, was lost 10 March 2019 shortly after takeoff at 08:44L (05:44Z). There were no survivors.

Boeing 737 MAX 8 registration ET-AVJ performing flight ET-302 from Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) to Nairobi (Kenya) with 149 passengers and 8 crew, departed Addis Ababa's runway 07R and was climbing out of Addis Ababa when the aircraft levelled off at about 9000 feet MSL, radar contact was lost shortly after at 08:44L (05:44Z). The aircraft wreckage was found near Ejere at approximate position N8.8772 E39.2512. No survivors were found.

In a subsequent press conference on Mar 10th 2019 Ethiopian Airlines reported the crew reported difficulties and requested a return to Addis Ababa. The captain was with Ethiopian Airlines for 9 years and had about 8000 hours of flight experience, a first officer with 200 flight hours assisted, there were 35 nationalities amongst the 149 passengers. The crash site appears to be consistent with a steep dive, the aircraft is right inside the ground. The aircraft had undergone last "rigorous first check maintenance" on Feb 4th 2019. The aircraft had last operated to and from Johannesburg (South Africa) arriving back in Addis Ababa in the morning of Mar 10th 2019 before departing for the accident flight.

Link to Aviation Herald discussion.
The incident appeared similar to the 29 October 2018 crash of Lion Air 610, operated by a B38M.

Indonesian carrier Lion Air Flight 610 on October 29 crashed into the sea soon after takeoff with the loss of all aboard, apparently due to the erroneous data from a faulty Angle of Attack sensor, which caused the MCAS (Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System) to assume the plane was about to stall, which activated the downward force on the Stabilizer Trim to get the nose down. Link to BBC article.

This aircraft had been written up as having a faulty AOA indicator for previous flights it had taken. It is unclear if Lion Air had performed adequate maintenance procedures after the reports or withdraw the aircraft from service until the fault could be completely cleared.

Link to Aviation Herald discussion.

“Instead of switching off the Stabilizer Trim the pilots appear to have battled the system.” Link
Boeing 737 MAX and MCAS: See “What is the Boeing 737 MAX Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System?”, updated November 17 to explain the MCAS and electric trim override operation, here: link.

Boeing has stated a revised MCAS is in the works, and the FAA is expected to issue an AD note when the MCAS update is done. This is expected to occur in early April, 2019.

355 B38M deliveries have been carried out through 1 March 2019, out of 5,123 orders. Link to Wikipedia B38M list of Airlines, orders and deliveries.
Ethiopian Airlines ordered 25 Boeing 737 MAX 8 (B38M) and at the time of the crash of ET 302 on 10 March 2019. ET also operates 10 Boeing 737-700 and 16 Boeing 737-800 aircraft as part of its fleet.

Ethiopian Airlines is the flag carrier of Ethiopia, and commenced operations on 8 April 1946, expanding to international flights in 1951. The firm became a share company in 1965 and changed its name from Ethiopian Air Lines to Ethiopian Airlines. The airline has been a member of the International Air Transport Association since 1959 and of the African Airlines Association (AFRAA) since 1968. Ethiopian is a Star Alliance member, having joined in December 2011.

As of November 2017, the carrier served 105 international and 20 domestic passenger destinations and 44 cargo destinations. Ethiopian serves more destinations in Africa than any other airline. Ethiopian Airlines’ fleet consists of 106 aircraft.

- Wikipedia (link)
7 Nov 2018: The US Federal Aviation Administration / FAA issued an Airworthiness Directive (AD note) covering the AOA within a few days, giving US carriers 30 days to comply with the AD note.

6 Nov 2018: Boeing issued revised operating instructions covering the revised MCAS used in the MAX 8, updating the MAX operations manual. See the manual update and the switches referenced. See Aviation Herald discussion for information.

10 March 2019: ET 302, operated by Ethiopian Airlines 737 MAX 8 ET-AVJ departing Addis Ababa to Nairobi turned back to the airport soon after takeoff, but crashed with the loss of all aboard.

Link to BBC article.

Link to Aviation Herald discussion.

11 March 2019: The US National Transportation Board / NTSB has dispatched an investigation team, as have Boeing, to Addis Ababa to assist the Ethiopian investigators in determining the cause(s) of the crash. The “black boxes” (cockpit voice and the flight data recorder have been recovered.

11 March 2019: Ethiopian Airlines announced airline both “black boxes” - the cockpit voice recorder and the flight data recorder are recovered.

11 Mar 2019: China grounded its 737 MAX 8 (not MAX 9) fleet, and a number of countries have followed suit on 12 March 2019, including the United Kingdom and the European Union.Link to New York Times article.

11 March 2019: The US FAA stated it would not ground US (AA, UA, WN) 737 MAX aircraft at this time.

Link to FAA Airworthiness Notification for USA registered B38M aircraft PDF.

Link to Wall Street Journal article.

12 March 2019: The USA and Canada are the only countries allowing the B38M to remain in operation.

13 March 2019: Ethiopian Airlines CEO Tewolde Gebremariam requests grounding of all B38M aircraft until the cause(s) of the crash of ET 302 is learned.

13 March 2019: Canada grounds Canadian B38Ms and bans B38M departures, arrivals and overflights.

13 March 2019: All USA operated Boeing 737 MAX -8 and -9 aircraft are grounded by US Federal Aviation Administration emergency order. At this time, all 737 MAX 8 are grounded until further notice.

14 March 2019: It is announced the French BEA will retrieve the data from the Ethiopian Cockpit Voice Recorder and Flight Data Recorder.

Link to Eight things you might not know about black boxes
By Cristen Tilley, ABC Australia

15 March 2019: Aircraft manufactured Boeing plans to roll out a software upgrade for its 737 Max aircraft in 10 days. The US FAA is expected to sign off on the anti-stall modification to the MAX software 25 March. CNBC

17 Mar 2019: The French BEA stated the Flight Data Recorder data have been given to the Ethiopian Investigation Team. Borpth CVR and FDR “black boxes” have been downloaded and turned over to investigators.

17 Mar 2019 the Ethiopian Transport Minister said: "Recently, the FDR and CVR of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 have been successfully read out. Our experts and US experts have verified the accuracy of the information. The Ethiopian government accepted the information, and the cause of the crash is similar to the Indonesian Flight 610. A preliminary reported will be published in a month with a detailed analysis. We are grateful to the French Government for its ongoing support." - Aviation Herald

17 Mar 2019 Ethiopian Airlines Twitter Account (Link) posted "The total flying time of the First Officer is 350 hours. Moreover, the Pilot in command is a senior pilot who has accumulated 8,100 hours. According to ICAO regulations any CPL holder can act as F/O in multi engine jet commercial flight up on successful completion of the full Type Rating training on the type of A/C. According to ICAO, it only requires a maximum of 200HRs to hold CPL. Ethiopean airlines in its effort to enhance safety established a crew pairing policy where by a less experienced F/O flies only with highly experienced Capt and vice versa".

17 Mar 2019: “Ethiopian transport minister Dagmawit Moge told reporters on Sunday that an evaluation of the black boxes from Ethiopian Airlines Flight ET302 and Lion Air Flight JT610 showed "clear similarities." - Link to Business Insider article.

18 Mar 2019: Aviation Herald learns new information of ET 302 departure routing and airport communication, and the possibility MAX simulator training and inclusion of training relating to MCAS and the JT 610 lessons learned may not have reached all ET cockpit crew due to the simulator training requirements of six month periodicity. Link.

19 Mar 2019: The Secretary if the US Department of Transportation, of which the Federal Aviation Administration is part of, has requested the Inspector General conduct a formal audit “to compile an objective and detailed factual history of the activities that resulted in the certification of the Boeing 737-MAX 8 aircraft” as part of an ongoing review of factors related to the MAX aviation certification. Link

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Ethiopian Airlines: Boeing 737 Max 8 crashes on way to Kenya [ET302 ADD-NBO 10MAR19]

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Old Mar 11, 2019, 1:58 pm
  #181  
 
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Originally Posted by tmac100
Flying with QR and WY this week end and in April. Fortunately the 737s on WY routes are the earlier ones. QR is using 777s and A320s. Relieved! Also, flying on Koryo Air in April on Tupolev or Ilushyn aircraft - they have been flying for decades so no worries there.

Remember: Take-offs are optional while landings are mandatory ...
The North Koreans have Tupolevs and Antonovs. I remember to have heard of an emergency landing of a Tu when I was in China 2 or 3 years ago, in Shenyang.

When asked to choose between Tu and MAX I´d always prefer the latter.

Last edited by submonte; Mar 11, 2019 at 2:16 pm
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 2:02 pm
  #182  
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Boeing has been trading down about 6.5% today.

There seems to be some conflicting information about which carriers/countries are grounding the MAX at this point.
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 2:14 pm
  #183  
 
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One of the NPR programs had an American Airlines pilot on. He was po'ed that Boeing had provided so little information on the MCAS system on the MAX. He said their training was a few hours on an iPad. He is urging training on a simulator. I remember that when the Lion Air plane crashed that Boeing hadn't even told airlines about the new system.

There are a myriad of things going on in a cockpit during takeoff. It really doesn't surprise me that pilots aren't readily able to correct the issues with the MCAS particularly when they have had substantial training on what to do when things go wrong.
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 2:42 pm
  #184  
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Originally Posted by LarryJ
I'm unaware of any such examples. All groundings, that I'm aware of, have come when a specific problem has been identified.


I was flying DC9s (an MD80 is a DC9) at that time. The DC9s were not grounded. When the jackscrew problem was identified in the Alaska 261 an airworthiness directive was issued requiring inspection of the jackscrew of all DC9 within a short time frame.
This is the issue (half of us) have... it takes a few days (or weeks/months) to identify the problem. Another AS MD80 could have had an equally worn jackscrew waiting to fail on the very next flight. You're obviously prepared to take that risk. Some of us would rather avoid that if possible.
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 3:16 pm
  #185  
 
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Originally Posted by ElephantGin
I was on this flight exactly two days before the crash. Noticed nothing wonky at all. Comfortable (for economy). I have just checked all my remaining flights this month in Africa (22) none are using Boeing MAX.... At first had some concern that Boeing 737 Max 8 might be the same as Boeing 737 800 - however appears not to be the case.

You can visually tell the max because of the split wing, and the cowling. I will be asking before every flight, and then visually looking at each plane. Sorry, but two brand new planes going down in the first 4 months of use at the same part of the flight - takeoff. That's enough to make me spend a few hundred bucks to take ANY other flight.. Screw Boeing.
Just to be clear, you travelled on what? This particular aircraft? This model? This flight number?

According to Flightradar ET302 on 7th, 8th and 9th March were all 787 operated. Maybe they are wrong? But shows how hard it is to figure out what is happening.

Last edited by simons1; Mar 11, 2019 at 3:53 pm
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 5:55 pm
  #186  
 
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 6:13 pm
  #187  
 
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Originally Posted by ElephantGin
Well, I will never fly a Max plane again. Simple as that. Knowing that the seat I sat in 3 days ago - is now in a billion pieces under the earth. No thanks.
Originally Posted by simons1
Just to be clear, you travelled on what? This particular aircraft? This model? This flight number?

According to Flightradar ET302 on 7th, 8th and 9th March were all 787 operated. Maybe they are wrong? But shows how hard it is to figure out what is happening.
This follow-up post of his certainly implies he flew on that aircraft - 3 days prior. Maybe it wasn't ET302 but a different flight # on that aircraft?
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 6:20 pm
  #188  
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We seem to have slipped very badly from the days of "the plane practically flies/lands itself" lauded on the 747 and other aircraft.

Now we're into "the plane flies fine...if the computer is set up right...and the software is optimized correctly...and the pilots know how and when to override...and they get the right training...and they don't overcompensate or undercompensate...and they're not distracted by other things going on in flight..."

That's not optimal safety in my book.
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 6:40 pm
  #189  
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Originally Posted by rwm818
This follow-up post of his certainly implies he flew on that aircraft - 3 days prior. Maybe it wasn't ET302 but a different flight # on that aircraft?
I'm interpreting the post as saying that he/she flew on that tail number, albeit on a different route. It's pretty easy for a geek to check tail numbers if done within about a week of the flight, and if someone who follows airline stuff flew an aircraft type that was involved in a widely publicized crash a few days later, it would be natural to try to check whether in fact it had been the same aircraft (perhaps out so some morbid curiosity). Of course, some have subscriptions to services that can provide the entire history of an aircraft while others meticulously record tail numbers and seats for every segment flown.
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 9:13 pm
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Could it be terrorism, or were the forces applied too much for the aircraft?... or just eyewitnesses who are notoriously unreliable

From Reuters:
....
Tamirat Abera, 25, was walking past the field at the time. He said the plane turned sharply, trailing white smoke and items like clothes and papers, then crashed about 300 meters away.

“It tried to climb but it failed and went down nose first,” he said. “There was fire and white smoke which then turned black.

,,,,,,,
“When it was hovering, fire was following its tail, then it tried to lift its nose,” said another witness, Gadisa Benti. “When it passed over our house, the nose pointed down and the tail raised up. It went straight to the ground with its nose, it then exploded.”
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 9:13 pm
  #191  
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Originally Posted by DenverBrian
Now we're into "the plane flies fine...if the computer is set up right
Unfortunately using software to compensate for inadequate hardware started decades ago... and in numerous industries

I read this interesting (paraphrased) comment on some article.
When a new fighter jet (2 people max) goes down or even when a problem is identified on a new fighter jet, the entire fleet is immediately grounded but when 2 brand new (design & manufacture) airliners with hundreds of people crash within months of each other under similar situations (shortly after takeoff), no action is taken
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Last edited by FTA; Mar 11, 2019 at 9:22 pm
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 10:13 pm
  #192  
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Singapore suspends operation of all 737 MAX planes

Singapore's aviation authority has taken the strong move of suspending "all variants of the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft into and out of Singapore."

The suspension will start at 2 p.m., the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore announced on Tuesday morning. The move will affect SilkAir, a regional carrier in the city-state, and the following airlines that fly into Singapore and have the 737 MAX in their fleets: China Southern Airlines, Garuda Indonesia, Shandong Airlines and Thai Lion Air.

Source: cnn.com
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 11:57 pm
  #193  
 
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Originally Posted by R2

Singapore suspends operation of all 737 MAX planes

Singapore's aviation authority has taken the strong move of suspending "all variants of the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft into and out of Singapore."

The suspension will start at 2 p.m., the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore announced on Tuesday morning. The move will affect SilkAir, a regional carrier in the city-state, and the following airlines that fly into Singapore and have the 737 MAX in their fleets: China Southern Airlines, Garuda Indonesia, Shandong Airlines and Thai Lion Air.

Source: cnn.com

Haven't China and Indonesia both already grounded the plane? So unless they lift that order before Singapore, it wouldn't affect those airlines much, would it?
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Old Mar 11, 2019, 11:59 pm
  #194  
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Here's what the FAA said yesterday...

From: Federal Aviation Administration Aircraft Certification Service

Date: March 11, 2019

Subject: This message provides information regarding FAA continued operational safety activity related to the Boeing 737-8 and Boeing 737-9 (737 MAX) fleet.

Situation description: Following the accident of an Ethiopian Airlines Boeing Model 737-8 airplane on March 10, 2019, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) as the accredited representative, and the FAA as Technical Advisors, are supporting the Ethiopian Accident Investigation Bureau. The FAA has dispatched personnel to support the investigative authorities in determining the circumstances of this event. All data will be closely examined during this investigation, and the FAA will take appropriate action if the data indicates the need to do so.

External reports are drawing similarities between this accident and the Lion Air Flight 610 accident on October 29, 2018. However, this investigation has just begun and to date we have not been provided data to draw any conclusions or take any actions.

Following the Lion Air Flight 610 accident, the FAA has completed these activities in support of continued operational safety of the fleet:

1) Issued FAA emergency Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2018-23-51 on November 7, 2018

2) Validated that airplane maintenance and functional check instructions on Angle of Attack (AOA) vane replacement were adequate

3) Conducted simulator sessions to verify the Operational Procedures called out in FAA AD 2018-23- 51

4) Validated AOA vane bench check calibration procedures were adequate

5) Reviewed Boeing’s production processes related to the AOA vane and Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS)

Ongoing oversight activities by the FAA include:

a) Boeing’s completion of the flight control system enhancements, which provide reduced reliance on procedures associated with required pilot memory items. The FAA anticipates mandating these design changes by AD no later than April 2019.

b) Design changes:

i) MCAS Activation Enhancements

ii) MCAS AOA Signal Enhancements

ii) MCAS Maximum Command Limit

Aircraft/engine make, model, and series: The Boeing Company Model 737-8 and 737-9 airplanes (737 MAX)

U.S.-registered fleet: 74 airplanes; Worldwide fleet: 387 airplanes
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Old Mar 12, 2019, 2:23 am
  #195  
 
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And now Australia has grounded the 7M8, per ABC News:

Boeing 737 MAX 8 operations suspended in Australia after Ethiopian Airlines crash
​​​​​​Australia's Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) says it is suspending operations of the Boeing 737 MAX 8 plane in Australia after a deadly crash killed 157 people in Ethiopia at the weekend.

Fiji Airways was the only airline flying the MAX 8 into Australia after Singapore's Silk Air grounded its fleet early today.
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