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FAQ: Skipping Segment, Hidden City / Point Beyond / Throw Away Ticketing (master thd)

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Old Apr 18, 2013, 9:20 am
FlyerTalk Forums Expert How-Tos and Guides
Last edit by: Prospero
FAQ: "Missing" or "Skipping Segments": Hidden City, Point Beyond and Throw Away Ticketing
Q. What will happen if I "skip" a segment?
A. Skipping an intermediate or end segment is most often referred to as "Hidden City / Point Beyond Ticketing" by American Airlines, and “skiplagging” by others; doing so invalidates the contract you have with AA regarding your ticket. AA will at least cancel the remaining segments. If the reason for missing a segment is to drop the last segment to save money on a more expensive ticket to the intermediate destination, it is called a "Hidden City / Point Beyond" ticket. American Airlines states, in the Conditions of Carriage (and more existentially in Tariff Rule 100AA):

American specifically prohibits the practices commonly known as:
Hidden City/Point Beyond Ticketing: Purchase of a fare from a point before the passenger's actual origin or to a point beyond the passenger's actual destination.
Link to American Airlines Conditions of Carriage, Ticket Validity.

Q. What about buying a round trip and not flying the return?
"Throw away" ticketing, that is purchasing a less expensive round trip ticket with the intent of not flying the return segments ("throwing away" the return tickets) is similarly frowned upon, but may be acted upon - particularly if this becomes frequent or a pattern

Q. Do American Airlines Corporate Security / AAdvantage Fraud have people and algorithms running in the background that check for these?
Assuredly, yes. Can people be found liable for fees and/or lose their accounts / status / miles? Yes, we have had many reports on FT, and the risk increases for repeaters. Can people be criminally or civilly prosecuted? Doubtful. (Link to article on Contract Fraud.)

Q. Would I get in trouble skipping the final segment?
A. Possibly not, if you don't do this on other than the rare occasion, but there is risk.

Q. Can I short check my baggage?
A. In most cases, you may find it difficult, unless you have an overnight connection, must retrieve your baggage for customs or because your connection does not offer interlining of baggage.

Q. Will I get my EQ and Award Miles.
You will likely accrue miles for the segments you actually flew. But “skiplagging” could result in miles confiscation and potentially account closure.

Q. Can I claim the residual value for the unused segment?
Au contraire; with a hidden city / point beyond ticket, you owe AA money under their rules. United and Lufthansa have billed skiplaggers, AA may have.

Q. What has AA said they can do to me about hidden city or throwaway ticketing?
“Passengers who attempt to use hidden city tickets may be denied boarding, have the remainder of their ticket confiscated and may be assessed the difference between the fare paid and the lowest applicable fare.”
A highly recommended article on this topic is 3 Words on Hidden City Ticketing: Don’t Do It (link) from ExpertFlyer, 27 Feb 2019.

Archived older posts may be read here.

For Conditions of Carriage - Ticket Validity and Letter used by AA:
AA Hidden City and Point Beyond Ticketing:

Skipping an intermediate or end segment is referred to as "Hidden City / Point Beyond Ticketing" by American Airlines, and doing so invalidates the contract you have with AA regarding your ticket. AA will generally cancel the remaining segments, and if it is dropping the last segment to save money on a more expensive ticket to the intermediate destination, it is called the "Hidden City" ticket.

The entire Conditions of Carriage, the contract that governs your ticket (in additon to the Detailed Fare Rules attached to your fare class and readable prior to purchase), are here: CONDITIONS OF CARRIAGE.

The specific language regarding Hidden City and Point Beyond Ticketing is here:
TICKET VALIDITY - COMPLIANCE WITH TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

Tickets are valid for travel only when used in accordance with all terms and conditions of sale. Terms and conditions of sale include but are not limited to:
  1. The passenger's itinerary, as stated on the ticket or in the passenger's reservation record,
    • Any requirement that the passenger stay over a specified date or length of time (for example, Saturday night or weekend) at the destination specified on the ticket.
    • Any special purpose or status (for example, age in the case of senior citizen or children's discounts, military status in the case of a military fare, official government business in the case of a government fare, or attendance at a qualified event in the case of a meeting or convention fare) that entitles the passenger to a special or reduced rate, or
    • Any other requirement associated with the passenger's fare level.
Unless a ticket is reissued by American or its authorized agent upon payment of applicable charges, or an authorized representative of American waives applicable restrictions in writing, a ticket is invalid:
  1. If used for travel to a destination other than that specified on the ticket,
    • If the passenger fails to comply with applicable stay-over requirements,
    • If the passenger does not meet the purpose or status requirement associated with the fare category on the ticket, or
    • If American determines that the ticket has been purchased or used in a manner designed to circumvent applicable fare rules.
American specifically prohibits the practices commonly known as:
  • Back to Back Ticketing: The combination of two or more roundtrip excursion fares end to end for the purpose of circumventing minimum stay requirements.
  • Throwaway Ticketing: The usage of roundtrip excursion fare for one-way travel, and
  • Hidden City/Point Beyond Ticketing: Purchase of a fare from a point before the passenger's actual origin or to a point beyond the passenger's actual destination.
  • Duplicate and Impossible/Illogical Bookings: Duplicate or impossible/illogical American Airlines bookings are prohibited without prior authorization from American Airlines. A duplicate or impossible/illogical booking includes, but is not limited to, bookings for the same passenger on flights traveling on or about the same date between one or more of the same or nearby origin and/or destination (such as JFKDFW and LGADFW or DFWLAX and DFWONT), or bookings with connections that depart before the arrival of the inbound flight.
  • Fraudulent, Fictitious and Abusive Bookings: Fraudulent, fictitious and/or abusive bookings are prohibited. These types of bookings are defined as any bookings made without having been requested by or on behalf of the named passenger. Additionally, creating bookings to hold or block seats for the purpose of obtaining lower fares, AAdvantage award inventory, or upgrades that may not otherwise be available, or to circumvent any of American Airlines' fare rules or policies, is prohibited without prior authorization from American Airlines.

Where a ticket is invalidated as the result of the passenger's non-compliance with any term or condition of sale, American has the right in its sole discretion to:
  1. Cancel any remaining portion of the passenger's itinerary,
    • Confiscate unused flight coupons,
    • Refuse to board the passenger or check the passenger's luggage, or
    • Assess the passenger for the reasonable remaining value of the ticket, which shall be no less than the difference between the fare actually paid and the lowest fare applicable to the passenger's actual itinerary
Sample letter from American Airlines on Hidden City Ticketing:

Dear ,

Let me take the opportunity to clarify American Airlines position on hidden city or point beyond ticketing. Purchasing a ticket to a point beyond the actual destination and getting off the aircraft at the connecting point is unethical (sic). It is tantamount to switching price tags to obtain a lower price on goods sold at department stores. Passengers who attempt to use hidden city tickets may be denied boarding, have the remainder of their ticket confiscated and may be assessed the difference between the fare paid and the lowest applicable fare.

Because we compete with other airlines with different route structures, we sometimes find it necessary to give a traveler who is traveling beyond a connecting point a better price than travelers who are just traveling to the connecting point. For example, a passenger who is traveling to Austin, Texas from Los Angeles can go on one airline via Phoenix for a price that is lower than the cost of traveling on American between Los Angeles and Dallas. If we want to offer the same price to Austin as the other airline, but the only way we can get travelers there is via Dallas, we find ourselves charging the Austin passengers less than the Dallas passengers.

Although the issuance and usage of hidden city tickets is not illegal in the sense that one could be fined or sent to jail by the government, it is unethical and a breach of a passengers (sic) contract with AA. Both tariff rule 100AA and American's Condition of Carriage, which are incorporated into every ticket sold by American as part of our agreement to carry the passenger named on the ticket, bar hidden city ticketing. In addition, it violates the agencies' contract to act as an agent for American Airlines.

If American Airlines continues to lose revenue as a result of hidden city transactions, the fares we charge must inevitably rise.

Sincerely,
In August 2020 AA went after user HappyInTheAir561 for Hidden City Ticketing, demanding payment of $2,500 or permanent closure of his AAdvantage account and loss of 600,000 miles balance. Below is the letter (missing is the 2,500 quote), and there is an entire thread about it here: https://www.flyertalk.com/forum/amer...rmination.html The user says he ultimately paid the money.
Mr. XXXX,

As an analyst with American Airlines, one of my responsibilities is investigating violations of the General AAdvantage® Program Conditions. An audit of your AAdvantage account, determined that you have engaged in the practice known as ‘Hidden City ticketing’; the purchase of a fare to a point beyond your actual destination. Hidden city ticketing is explicitly defined in AA’s Conditions of Carriage as a violation of ticket validity. The Terms and Conditions of the AAdvantage program further state that compliance with the Conditions of Carriage is compulsory for participation in the AAdvantage program. As such, AAdvantage account XXXXXX is restricted, pending the outcome of our investigation. You may review the terms and conditions of the AAdvantage ® program (several parts of the terms and conditions are noted below) by clicking the link below or by copying and pasting it into your browser.

The audit of your account XXXXXwas completed on August xx, 2020. The following reservations were not issued in compliance with the AAdvantage Terms & Conditions, Conditions of Carriage or AA.com Site Usage policy:

52 HIDDEN CITY TICKETS (Included each one of the flights they believe is a hidden city ticket)

Not unlike other commodities, airline seats are market priced. A seat on a non-stop flight is a premium product and commands a higher price. Seats in connecting markets must be priced competitively and hence can be substantially cheaper. The ill-effects of point beyond ticketing are two-fold; the customer receives the flight for a price for which they aren’t entitled and a seat is spoiled on the separate connecting flight. An airline ticket constitutes a contract and the terms of that contract are stated explicitly in the Conditions of Carriage. Please see excerpts below.

Mr.XXXXX, these actions have resulted in clear and considerable losses to American Airlines. In addition to our loss for the travel provided, tickets booked through prohibited practices are considered fraudulent, and therefore not eligible to accrue mileage. In this case, our loss is further compounded through the Elite mileage accruals, benefits, and services used that were not otherwise available. Generally, violations of this nature subject the AAdvantage account to termination. However, we are willing to provide you with an opportunity to restore an equitable relationship through restitution for the loss on your identified travel.

You may respond to this message by 3pm, CST, Friday, August 31, 2020 stating you would like to bring your account back to good standing. At that time, the segments will be re-priced based on your intended travel and we will send you the information so that you may make the appropriate reimbursement for the travel provided. Failure to return the account to good standing or to reply, will result in the termination of your AAdvantage® membership and all its benefits, including all remaining AAdvantage® miles in your account and any award tickets issued from it.
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FAQ: Skipping Segment, Hidden City / Point Beyond / Throw Away Ticketing (master thd)

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Old Dec 21, 2020, 2:51 pm
  #511  
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
Not necessarily.

A friend flew last year DUS-LHR-LAX. When I picked him up in LAX, his bag was missing. He reported the missing bag, signed some Customs forms as to what he had to declare (nothing), then got the bag delivered a day or so later to my house near Los Angeles.

I am sure they would have been curious should he want the bag to be delivered in a different part of the country. Might as well wave a red flag with HIDDEN CITY all over it.
I almost always agree with you. This time I don't. It is quite common (in my personal experience) for lost bags to be delivered to somewhere else because the traveler has already moved on.

P.S. - I am talking about actual "moved on" and nothing to do with hidden city ticketing.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 9:00 am
  #512  
 
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
False analogy #952.

Others include
Six-pack of Coke.
Pants with included belt.
Cord of wood.
Season tickets to the ball park

Ad nauseum
Not great examples IMO. You're certainly allowed to only drink 5 of the 6 cans of Coke, without any fear of retribution from Coca-Cola. They aren't going to come after you and ban you from earning more Coke miles if you don't drink all 6. And season tickets are an even worse example - hell, you can re-sell the tickets for the games you don't go to!

All that to say, I do understand where airlines are coming from when it comes to A-B is a different product than A-B-C, and we've certainly used this to our advantage at times, but it still doesn't make any more sense to the average consumer.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 9:04 am
  #513  
 
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Originally Posted by JDiver
View From The Wing details how one frequent user of skip-lagging / hidden city etc. was required to check in at the counter, where he was warned AA was watching him should he walk away from his final leg.

https://viewfromthewing.com/american...way-ticketing/
That was completely shocking to me - that a PLT would risk his/her status/miles with AA in a grand effort to save ... $25. Different folks for different strokes I guess!
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 9:13 am
  #514  
 
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Originally Posted by no1cub17
That was completely shocking to me - that a PLT would risk his/her status/miles with AA in a grand effort to save ... $25. Different folks for different strokes I guess!
Agreed. Seems like a level of arrogance to ignore the warning of AA and proceed forward with their original hidden city flight plan.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 12:04 pm
  #515  
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Originally Posted by JDiver
View From The Wing details how one frequent user of skip-lagging / hidden city etc. was required to check in at the counter, where he was warned AA was watching him should he walk away from his final leg.

https://viewfromthewing.com/american...way-ticketing/
The last paragraph of the guy who contacted VFTW shows the absolute stupidity of some people that even after he was given a 'complete your journey or else' warning that he dropped the last lag!

He followed on to say that the warning is that they are watching me and if I don’t continue on to DCA on my flight this morning, I will be put on a list and I have the potential to have my Platinum status revoked. I just said ok and thanks and went on my way. Cancelled my flight to DCA as soon as I landed, and we will see what they have to say.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 12:23 pm
  #516  
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Originally Posted by no1cub17
Not great examples IMO. You're certainly allowed to only drink 5 of the 6 cans of Coke, without any fear of retribution from Coca-Cola. They aren't going to come after you and ban you from earning more Coke miles if you don't drink all 6. And season tickets are an even worse example - hell, you can re-sell the tickets for the games you don't go to!

All that to say, I do understand where airlines are coming from when it comes to A-B is a different product than A-B-C, and we've certainly used this to our advantage at times, but it still doesn't make any more sense to the average consumer.
That's the point QueenOfCoach is making these are BAD analogies yet people bring them up again and again and again and use them to pray in aid that skiplagging is ok.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 1:03 pm
  #517  
 
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Originally Posted by UKtravelbear
That's the point QueenOfCoach is making these are BAD analogies yet people bring them up again and again and again and use them to pray in aid that skiplagging is ok.
A valid analogy on the other hand is comparing:
  • You buy a ticket to go from point A to a given destination but instead fly to a different destination that would have been more expensive
  • You pay for an item in the store but then put it back on the shelf and carry out a different, more expensive, item instead
They are the same thing, except one is called hidden city ticketing and the other is called shoplifting.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 3:17 pm
  #518  
 
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Originally Posted by no1cub17
Not great examples IMO.
They are all intended as examples of false analogies.

"Flying Hidden City is like _______. It would be foolish to penalize a customer who does _______, therefore it's foolish for an airline to penalize a customer for flying Hidden City."

Fill in the blank.

A customer who buys a 6-pack of Coke, then drinks only 5 cans and throw away the sixth can.
A customer who buys a cord of wood, burns some of it in the fireplace and throws away the rest.
A customer who buys a pair of pants with an included belt, then wears the pants without the belt.

There are many more false analogies.

Hidden City is NOT like Coke, wood or pants.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 3:27 pm
  #519  
 
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Originally Posted by sbrower
I almost always agree with you. This time I don't. It is quite common (in my personal experience) for lost bags to be delivered to somewhere else because the traveler has already moved on.

P.S. - I am talking about actual "moved on" and nothing to do with hidden city ticketing.
Yes, I see your point and do agree. I have gotten lost bags delivered to a city other than the arrival airport. You are right.

My point was that you can't NECESSARILY rely on picking up bags in Customs in an arrival airport, then taking them on to a destination where you are not ticketed.

Ticket A-B-C, where B is the international arrival point. Your plan is to ditch the B-C ticket and go elsewhere, after collecting bags in B-Customs. The bags do not show up on the carousel. You report the bags as missing, and you ask for them to be delivered to D? Why? And, they ask, why weren't you on the B-C flight? As I said you might as well wave a red Hidden City flag in such a circumstance.

Hidden City works when you "fly under the radar":
1. You skip the last leg.
2. You take only carry-on baggage.
3. You don't make a habit of it.
and finally,
4. You don't make it obvious to a smarter-than-the-average-bear airline employee that you are engaging in Hidden City.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 4:23 pm
  #520  
 
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
Yes, I see your point and do agree. I have gotten lost bags delivered to a city other than the arrival airport. You are right.

My point was that you can't NECESSARILY rely on picking up bags in Customs in an arrival airport, then taking them on to a destination where you are not ticketed.

Ticket A-B-C, where B is the international arrival point. Your plan is to ditch the B-C ticket and go elsewhere, after collecting bags in B-Customs. The bags do not show up on the carousel. You report the bags as missing, and you ask for them to be delivered to D? Why? And, they ask, why weren't you on the B-C flight? As I said you might as well wave a red Hidden City flag in such a circumstance.

Hidden City works when you "fly under the radar":
1. You skip the last leg.
2. You take only carry-on baggage.
3. You don't make a habit of it.
and finally,
4. You don't make it obvious to a smarter-than-the-average-bear airline employee that you are engaging in Hidden City.
good analysis, and smartly devoid of moralizing that has persuaded exactly zero people with dissimilar analogies. my favorite iron-clad solution is to get AA to bless it all by refunding the residual value for the unflown segment after the near-certain schedule change or flight delay. cake, eat it.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 5:42 pm
  #521  
 
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Originally Posted by Colin
good analysis, and smartly devoid of moralizing that has persuaded exactly zero people with dissimilar analogies. my favorite iron-clad solution is to get AA to bless it all by refunding the residual value for the unflown segment after the near-certain schedule change or flight delay. cake, eat it.
I am actually morally neutral on the Hidden City issue. The airlines do so many things to soak us for extra charges (seat assignments, change fees,etc) that I don't see Hidden City as particulary unethical. My standard advice is to be smart and don't get caught.

In reality I have never flown Hidden City. I am not engaged in commuting where a $50 fare difference would make any difference when multiplied by many trips in a short period of time. I no longer pay out of pocket for business travel, anyway, and my boss would never ask me to do anything shady. Ever.

I think the airlines are now more afraid of Zoom than Hidden City. They can't do anything about Zoom. (bwahahahaha)
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 7:25 pm
  #522  
 
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
The airlines do so many things to soak us for extra charges (seat assignments, change fees,etc) that I don't see Hidden City as particulary unethical.
Sort of sounds like kindergarten - "he started it first".
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 9:38 pm
  #523  
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
I am actually morally neutral on the Hidden City issue. The airlines do so many things to soak us for extra charges (seat assignments, change fees,etc) that I don't see Hidden City as particulary unethical. My standard advice is to be smart and don't get caught.

In reality I have never flown Hidden City. I am not engaged in commuting where a $50 fare difference would make any difference when multiplied by many trips in a short period of time. I no longer pay out of pocket for business travel, anyway, and my boss would never ask me to do anything shady. Ever.

I think the airlines are now more afraid of Zoom than Hidden City. They can't do anything about Zoom. (bwahahahaha)
But, those extra charges aren't surprises. If you want the extras, you pay the charges. If you don't use the extras, you don't pay the charges. That seems fair to me.
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Old Dec 22, 2020, 9:56 pm
  #524  
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Originally Posted by QueenOfCoach
Yes, I see your point and do agree. I have gotten lost bags delivered to a city other than the arrival airport. You are right.

My point was that you can't NECESSARILY rely on picking up bags in Customs in an arrival airport, then taking them on to a destination where you are not ticketed.

Ticket A-B-C, where B is the international arrival point. Your plan is to ditch the B-C ticket and go elsewhere, after collecting bags in B-Customs. The bags do not show up on the carousel. You report the bags as missing, and you ask for them to be delivered to D? Why? And, they ask, why weren't you on the B-C flight? As I said you might as well wave a red Hidden City flag in such a circumstance.

Hidden City works when you "fly under the radar":
1. You skip the last leg.
2. You take only carry-on baggage.
3. You don't make a habit of it.
and finally,
4. You don't make it obvious to a smarter-than-the-average-bear airline employee that you are engaging in Hidden City.
I wasn't on the B-C flight because my coat is in the luggage and it is too cold to go to C without it, so I a going to D where it is warmer )
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Old Dec 23, 2020, 11:42 am
  #525  
 
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Originally Posted by tkelvin69
Sort of sounds like kindergarten - "he started it first".
Yeah, I know.

I'm with you, but I'm not all that worried about it.
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QueenOfCoach is offline  


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