It never hurts to ask
I had the NW WorldPerks Visa Signature (US Bank) and received a pro-rated refund. The terms stated that within 30 days of paying the fee you can receive a full refund. After that it was a tiered refund structure - I got $45 back ($90 fee), which was better than nothing. Paid annual fee on April 11th, closed card on July 1st.