For future readers: yes, it is possible. Somehow, there are two time-consuming obstacles when going back to SVO:
- The main road M-10 (Leningradskoe shosse) from Moscow City frequently has traffic jams. Taking public bus 851 from Rechnoy vokzal or 817 from Planernaya metro is cheap, but could lead to unpredictable delays. This applied to taxi as well, except while going via new toll road M-11 (quiet few taxi drivers will go this way).
In case of usual traffic jams (from 7 am to 10 pm):
The fastest way is Aeroexpress from Belorusskiy or Okruzhnaya railway station, yest ~500 RUB (9 usd), CC accepted. Cheap way is go to Planernaya railway station (not metro!) from Ostankino (metro Butyrskaya), Petrovsko-Razumovskoe or Leningradsky railway stations, then 15 min walk to bus 851 stop after traffic jam. Fares are 23+36 RUB with Troika card or 23+55 RUB without it (<1,5 usd) from Ostankino. On local commuter train stations they are not familiar with foreigners w/o Russian language knowledge.
- Security screening of luggage is ridiculous (maybe less than in TLV, not sure) and happens up to three-five times. In SVO terminal F three times - on entry to the building, before check-in desk and before passing to boarding area. Two more times - on railway and metro stations.