I have been caught out by this in Thailand, at Le Meridien Phuket. The CC I had used to make the prepaid booking was cancelled by the credit card company due to suspected fraud and I was issued with a new card on the same account (different number). I had not noticed that the particular card was required at checkin and showed up with the replacement card which caused some consternation. In the end I had to get the credit card company to email the hotel confirming that the new card was on the same account despite the different number. The checkin was early morning (5am) so I may have been dealing with "off-peak" checkin staff but they were extremely unhelpful in providing alternative solutions, repeatedly asserting that they could not let me checkin unless they saw the card with which I had booked. Potential for CC fraud was the stated reason.