I don't know that there is a "system" or that it is for USN's only.
All I can say is that your employer will have a CBP liaison who may be able to help here. But, that means briefing your employer and if you have not told your employer, perhaps you do not want to.
If this second promise from the CBP Officer does not work, given that this issue affects your career, I would retain an attorney skilled in dealing with CBP to determine whether there is anything to be done.
As I think I noted, the US is particularly sensitive to domestic violence issues and that does not help, even though the criminal case itself was not pursued.