I suspect that if put to a referendum, this would be overwhelmingly approved.
Most Americans either do not fly or fly so rarely that it would not impact them. There is nothing better than a tax which you don't have to pay (it puts more money into the government's coffers and some of it might be spent on something which benefits you).
Don't believe me? Which do you think would get more support from the average American -- a $5 per year increase in the cost of a driver's license or a $200 per year increase in the cost of a passport?