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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jan 18, 2014, 10:10 pm
FlyerTalk Forums Expert How-Tos and Guides
Last edit by: emilio911
What is it?

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) is a "service" some merchants and ATM operators offer that will charge a cardholder in the native currency of the card rather than the local currency. A more complete definition and examples are available via this Wikipedia article on DCC. While sold as a convenience to cardholders traveling outside of their home country, it is a pure profit play by the merchants. You may end up paying a fee of up to 8% over the purchase price for accepting DCC. Always decline DCC and asked to be billed in the local currency!



Where will I see it?

You can be hit with DCC anywhere there is a difference between your debit or credit card's denominated currency and the currency of the location where you're trying to use the card. The most common example will be at a merchant overseas, but now some ATMs are offering the service too. While many US cardholders complain about getting tricked into accepting DCC overseas, some merchants in the US have started to use DCC as well.

What is the issue?

Unless you're the merchant or ATM operator, there isn't much benefit to using DCC. Some customers say they prefer knowing exactly how much they'll be charged in their home currency or may not know the exchange rate of the place where they are visiting. For example, if you are in Prague for two days and you don't know how much the Czech Koruna is worth relative to the US Dollar, you might feel more comfortable knowing that you're buying an item for $205.00 versus 4000 CZK. However, the real exchange rate as of January 18, 2014 would place 4000 CZK at $197.18. You just paid an extra $7.82 for the "convenience" of knowing how much you'd be charged!

DCC often charges about a 4% premium over the true exchange rate. The problems don't stop there since many US banks still charge a 3% foreign transaction fee (FTF) for purchases made outside of the US. Not only would you get hit with the $205.00 charge, you could also find yourself facing a total charge of $211.15 if your card has a 3% FTF.

This is a pure money grab from the merchants, and it's billed as an easy way to squeeze additional revenue out of the transaction. Numerous [1, 2] articles have talked about DCC duping many consumers. Discover even has a warning about being tricked into DCC when using a card abroad.

For example, this FlyerTalk member reported that Avis charged his Saudi credit card in Saudi riyals instead of USD for a car rental in Florida without his consent. This has also been a trend for hotels, particularly large chains as indicated here and here.

DCC is simply not worth it for the consumer. Unless you like paying a convenience fee of up to 5% of the total transaction just to know how much you will be billed, you should always decline DCC and ask to be billed in local currency when handing over your card.

Furthermore, it is in your interest to obtain a card that has a 0% FTF. FlyerTalk member kebosabi maintains a fairly comprehensive spreadsheet of EMV-enabled cards ideal for overseas travel, many of which offer a low or 0% FTF as a feature. There is also a wiki at FlyerGuide of various FTF of debit and credit cards.

What can I do to avoid DCC?

American Express currently does not support DCC on its network, so you are safe from DCC if using an American Express card. However, Visa and MasterCard card networks can support DCC, so be vigilant when purchasing abroad with a Visa or MasterCard branded card. There have been reports of being charged DCC with a Discover card in China [citation needed], but primarily the issue is happening with Visa and MasterCard cards.

Before handing your card to the merchant, always specify clearly that you want to be charged in the local currency and that you do not want DCC. For some transactions, you retain control of your card as you dip it into a chip reader and can view on a screen to select which currency you want to use for the transaction. Always select the local currencyto get the best exchange rate. Do not select the card's native currency!

Similarly, for ATM withdrawals, make sure you decline any kind of conversions. Some good examples of what to look for when using an ATM overseas are here and here. You're probably coming off of a long flight and fatigued, but educating yourself beforehand can save you from getting ripped off. The user interfaces on almost all of these ATMs are set up to encourage you to take the bait, and you have to be extremely vigilant not to fall for it.

If you are doing a PIN-based transaction, you should have the opportunity to review the total amount and denomination of the transaction before entering your PIN. If you are doing a signature transaction and the merchant has processed your transaction with DCC, cross out the amount and write "DCC refused" on the receipt. Do not sign the receipt, and demand that the merchant reverse the transaction and run it in the local currency. If no verification is required due to a small purchase amount, ask the merchant to reverse the charge and repeat the transaction using local currency. If all else fails, file a dispute with your card issuer when you return home. Even if it's immaterial, the banks will get the message like they did with EMV.

Some merchants will claim that their systems have to bill you in your native currency. This is a complete lie. But just like a mag stripe only card, this is battle where you have to be prepared. Don't settle for merchants claiming that "it has to be done this way" or "pay cash if you don't want this". Be prepared to walk away, and, if you must complete the transaction, write "DCC refused & merchant didn't give a choice" on the receipt and cross out the amount. Let the merchant know that you will be filing a dispute with your bank.

Disabling DCC

Disabling DCC on ANZ terminals in Australia

ANZ markets DCC as Customer Preferred Currency (CPC). Terminal operators can contact ANZ Merchant Services at 1800 039 025 to have this feature disabled. Currently, your Visa or MasterCard will be subjected to DCC if denominated in: CAD, CHF, DKK, EUR, GBP, HKD, JPY, MYR, NOK, NZD, SEK, SGD, THB, USD, or ZAR. All DCC transactions on ANZ will cause a 2.5% markup. Steps to avoid DCC:
  1. Insert, swipe, or tap your payment card
  2. Have the cashier select credit (CR)
  3. The terminal will display CREDIT ACCOUNT
  4. If applicable, enter your PIN
  5. The terminal will display PROCESSING \ PLEASE WAIT
  6. The terminal will display EXCH <exchange rate> \ <currency> <amount> \ ACCEPT RATE? \ ENTER=YES CLR=NO
  7. Instruct the cashier to press the yellow CLEAR (CLR) button (If entering a PIN, you can retain the terminal to perform this step yourself. If entering a signature, you can ask for the terminal to control this process, not indicating that it's a chip-and-signature card.)
  8. The transaction should now process without DCC

If you see a signature slip with DCC verbiage and a checkbox indicating a currency selection, kindly ask the merchant to void the transaction. If it's a PIN-based transaction, you have an additional opportunity to cancel the transaction because it will ask for your PIN a second time. For instance, if you see "EUR 17.29 KEY PIN" refuse to enter your PIN and start again.

Disabling DCC in China

There are many reports of forced DCC in China, and there is a great thread [closed to new posts] on DCC in China on the the China Destinations forum.

Disabling DCC on Bankcomm terminals in Beijing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #19

jair101's DCC instructions of March 2011 http://www.etveg.com/misc/DCC_China.pdf

Disabling DCC in Eurozone and UK

DCC offered in tourist traps (Harrods Knightsbridge/Galleries Lafayette Montparnesse/El Cortes Ingles Grand Via Madrid)

Unlike the rest of the world, Visa Europe does not require merchants to collect a ticked box on the slip (presumably because merchants there don't keep signed slips under Chip-and-PIN)
El Cortes Ingles collects a signature electronically and the DCC selection is made on the signature pad - the choice is respected.
Harrods and GL rely on cashier input in the POS for the currency choice - the cashier may forget to ask. The POS do not offer voiding (only refunds), but since you're given a slip to sign the best thing to do is to deface it before signing and submit chargeback request to issuer bank on return home.

There may be smaller merchants who also collect DCC but I seemed to have pre-empted most of them by saying "charge Euros (Pounds) please"

In Spain all merchants by law are required to provide you with a complaint form called an hoja de reclamaciones if requested. The form has two carbon copies. The customer retains one copy as a record of the complaint. The merchant maintains another copy, and the third is sent to the local consumer protection bureau. Merchants are also required to post a sign conspicuously informing the customer of the right to complain (usually in Spanish and English). Do not accept the lie that they don't have any forms. This is illegal, and you are able to call the police if the merchant refuses to provide you with this official form. It's interesting to see merchants start to squirm when you know the rules, and most merchants will start to be accommodating after you mention it. (Please still fill out the form even if the merchant cooperates after mentioning it because these are likely the merchants who won't otherwise change their behavior.)

Disabling DCC in Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau can get as non-compliant as China, possibly because many acquirers have cross-border operations and know they can get away with non-compliant firmware and procedures.

In practice, if you are given a DCC slip, and the cashier has not taken a choice before giving you your copy, the slip will be processed in your home currency - be prepared to dispute.

Unable to disable Global Payments DCC in Hong Kong instance #1, instance #2

Unable to disable DBS DCC in Fortress Electronics HK

Unable to disable BoC DCC in Free Duty HK

Disabling DCC in Japan and Korea

Japan's just starting out http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/japan...ing-japan.html and http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=3939&p=17 #168 but there are no reports I know of where cardholders are compelled to use DCC against their will.

Korea is also not much affected by DCC but where offered, trying to opt out is harder than Japan due to the language barrier (both verbal and written)
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=4303&p=3 #23
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #11

Disabling DCC in the Maldives

Disabling DCC on Global Payment terminals in the Maldives

Disabling DCC in Thailand and Taiwan

DCC present but generally not an issue. Cashier will generate quote slip is usually generated and pass to cardholder. When cardholder refuses, a verbage-free slip denominated in THB/TWD will be produced.

Certain Taiwan hotels may take deposits in cardholder currency. But these are only pre-authorisations and can be voided in full for TWD-only final checkout payments.

Disabling DCC on Websites

Airbnb - (Since the "loophole" seem not to work anymore, please report if you chargeback the DCC. )
Hotwire - You need to select your preferred currency before making a search.
PayPal - The instructions to stop the DCC on a recurring charge are here.

I got duped by DCC already before I found this thread. Is there anything I can do?

If you've been hit with DCC and the merchant did not follow the Visa/MC rules, you should file a dispute with your card issuer. Even if the transaction is a small amount, it's worth it to dispute the charge on principle. Do not let merchants get away with this scam uncontested!

If you were not clearly given a choice of currencies and did not specifically communicate a preference to be billed in your card's native currency - if you did not accept DCC - then you have recourse when filing a dispute with your card issuer. The Visa Product and Service Rules clearly state (p 339):
  • Merchants that offer DCC must be compliant with the regulations
  • Inform the cardholder that DCC is optional
  • Not impose any additional requirements to use local currency
  • Not use any language or procedures that may cause the cardholder to choose DCC by default
  • Not convert a transaction in the local currency to the card's billing currency after the transaction has completed
  • Ensure that the cardholder expressly agrees to DCC

You can even use terminology from Visa Product and Service Rules when filing the dispute, giving Reason Code 76: Incorrect Currency or Transaction Code. Reason Code 76 is used when the transaction was processed with an incorrect transaction code, or an incorrect currency code, or one of the following:
  • Merchant did not deposit a transaction receipt in the country where the transaction occurred
  • Cardholder was not advised that Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) would occur
  • Cardholder was refused the choice of paying in the merchant’s local currency
  • Merchant processed a credit refund and did not process a reversal or adjustment within 30 calendar days for a transaction receipt processed in error

MasterCard's rules also clearly state that the POI Currency Conversion must be decided by both the merchant and customer. When filing a dispute with a MasterCard, list chargeback Reason Code 4846 from the MasterCard Chargeback Guide, which covers POI currency conversion disputes in the following circumstances:
  • The cardholder states that he or she was not given the opportunity to choose the desired currency in which the transactions was completed or did not agree to the currency of the transaction, or
  • POI currency conversion took place into a currency that is not the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when the goods or services were priced in the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when cash was disbursed in the cardholdeer's billing currency.

You do have a choice of currencies. Exercise that choice!

Do not get taken by surprise when faced with DCC, and know your options. As Visa/MC purport, you do have a choice of currencies, but you need to make that choice heard! Don't be complacent in this sneaky tactic by some merchants to pad revenues.

Before going to a different country, get educated. Understand the exchange rate relative to your native currency. Know how to recognize when the merchant is trying to force DCC on the transaction, and pull out all of the stops to make sure it doesn't happen to you.

If you have a chip-and-PIN credit card, it's easier to control the transaction to try to prevent DCC. With chip-and-signature, if you get an uncooperative merchant, deface the merchant's copy of the receipt. Write LOCAL OPTION NOT OFFERED, cross out the DCC currency amount, and sign the receipt.

This will give additional evidence when filing a dispute to get the DCC charges refunded. When filing the dispute, you can use the Visa Exchange Rate Calculator or MasterCard's Currency Conversion Tool to determine the Visa or MasterCard exchange rate on the date the transaction posted to your credit card. Compare this to the DCC value to figure out the amount by which the merchant overcharged you. Don't forget to add in any Foreign Transaction Fee if your card has one. (If it does, you should really consider finding a card for use overseas without a FTF. )

Example Images (click for a larger image)

Hotel receipts in China, the Netherlands, and Dubai respectively:



Purchase receipts in China and Korea:




Cancelled translation in Hong Kong:



Novotel in Shenzen:

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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Aug 30, 2015, 8:00 pm
  #2071  
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Originally Posted by nick5000
What is really provoking is that elong publish and charges a 3% fee for using foreign credit cards. So we end up pay 3% and then another 4.1% on top of that!

I can rebook the ticket again through the airline directly, so I'll try to get BoA to proceed with this, if I can't get any reply from elong today. Have been using elong for many years, but guess this is the end.
That's a risky strategy if the airplane tickets are non-refundable or have refund restrictions because once tickets are issued in China, you own them.
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Old Aug 30, 2015, 9:32 pm
  #2072  
 
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Originally Posted by moondog
That's a risky strategy if the airplane tickets are non-refundable or have refund restrictions because once tickets are issued in China, you own them.
But if the merchant charge more than agreed, isn't is possible to dispute that when using a US credit card?

What is also interesting is that while the amount was pending in my card it said $879, but when confirmed it had jumped to 916.

nick5000 if within 120 days I suggest you fly the ticket first, then chargeback.

Don't rebook. It makes it ambiguous whether you're actually flying or not - the airline may reject your second booking.

You can still agree you enjoyed the services in full but you were charged the wrong currency - but like me enjoying my meal at A Lorcha Macau then disputing their HKD billing http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/china...l#post17894974 .
Thanks, yes can wait to dispute it, or I can could also book another flight if I should encounter problems, they are many to chose from.
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Old Aug 30, 2015, 10:28 pm
  #2073  
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Originally Posted by nick5000
Thanks, yes can wait to dispute it, or I can could also book another flight if I should encounter problems, they are many to chose from.
Potential risk your orig tix will be treated as no-show. Travel it.
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Old Sep 3, 2015, 8:02 am
  #2074  
 
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Seems Swiss (LX) has joined the game and is "offering" DCC when booking on their website too.. yet another reason not to fly LH group ^
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Old Sep 3, 2015, 8:39 am
  #2075  
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Originally Posted by YuropFlyer
Seems Swiss (LX) has joined the game and is "offering" DCC when booking on their website too.. yet another reason not to fly LH group ^
How easy is DCC avoidable while booking?
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Old Sep 3, 2015, 8:58 am
  #2076  
 
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Originally Posted by Majuki
How easy is DCC avoidable while booking?
At the moment (they just introduced it) very easy as it's not default and not heavily promoted (yet).. they call it "Optional currency conversion" and it looks like this:

"extra benefit"



For example for AUD it will show something like this:

AUD 354.50
Exchange Rate 1.50921080
Incl. 3% handling fee
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Old Sep 9, 2015, 3:07 pm
  #2077  
 
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I have just returned from Greece and can confirm it is very DCC free at point of sale. Used my card at hotels, supermarkets and restaurants/cafes/bars. Not a single place offered or forced DCC.

Note that many restauants, cafes and bars do not take credit cards - dining out is very much a cash economy - high price does not mean they take cards either, it really does vary. Now that cash transactions must be issued with a VAT receipt by law (else consumer can refuse payment, even after eating a meal), it seems card terminals are becoming more common as all payments end up going through the books now.

Also note that some places will only take cards with EMV chips and only if you know the PIN. Also, I did not come across anywhere with a portable terminal so had to go indoors to the desk/bar/till to make payment everywhere. Contactless, although terminals have the feature switched on, does not seem to be well used and most staff gave odd looks as I made the "my card has contactless but I've no idea how to say this in Greek" gesture.

However, ATMs are rife with DCC. Piraeus Bank offered a rate of 1GBP=1.25EUR vs 1GBP=1.37EUR from my card issuer. The choice screen gave a green option (proceed with DCC) and a red option (proceed without DCC). When I selected red, I was faced with another more forceful message using the same colour scheme telling me that I was not guaranteed how much my card would be charged. Slightly misleading, but definitely still legal wording, that would tempt the uninitiated into choosing DCC.
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Old Sep 9, 2015, 3:32 pm
  #2078  
 
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Originally Posted by BruceyBonus
However, ATMs are rife with DCC. Piraeus Bank offered a rate of 1GBP=1.25EUR vs 1GBP=1.37EUR from my card issuer. The choice screen gave a green option (proceed with DCC) and a red option (proceed without DCC). When I selected red, I was faced with another more forceful message using the same colour scheme telling me that I was not guaranteed how much my card would be charged. Slightly misleading, but definitely still legal wording, that would tempt the uninitiated into choosing DCC.
Is that legal wording? I mean, of course it's guaranteed how much your card will be charged, just not what the exchange rate will be.
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Old Sep 9, 2015, 4:19 pm
  #2079  
 
Join Date: Jul 2007
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Originally Posted by AllieKat
Is that legal wording? I mean, of course it's guaranteed how much your card will be charged, just not what the exchange rate will be.
That is one of the lies merchants often use to entice suckers to buy into dcc. I have heard many times in Ireland when the quedtion comes up the clerk saying to the potential scamee do you wish to pay in euro or dollars. If the potential scamee hesitates or asks which the clerk suggests, often the answer is you lock in the rate whereas today's rate could change. (Actually there was once such a major shift about a year ago with the CHF against the USD where it actually was better to have used dcc to lock in the rate and with what is or was going on in Greece, perhaps some woulde feel better locking in the rate. Just goes to show that while dcc is almost always a recipe to be ripped off, never say never to anything.
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Old Sep 12, 2015, 7:54 am
  #2080  
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Another HSBC China DCC



moondog will explain...
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Old Sep 12, 2015, 10:25 am
  #2081  
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Originally Posted by percysmith


moondog will explain...
The receipt in the middle was DCC. The receipt on the right was a y1 trial balloon in a (failed) attempt to defeat DCC.

The receipt on the left is a non-dcc receipt generated by a different pos machine.

The merchant is 新天地 paulaner. The manager semi-hates me because I told her (in Chinese) that she was dumber than a stone. That having been said, I did manage to get across the point that her establishment is stealing money from foreigners, and she is willing to pursue the heart of the matter.
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Old Sep 12, 2015, 10:56 am
  #2082  
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Originally Posted by moondog
The merchant is 新天地 paulaner. The manager semi-hates me because I told her (in Chinese) that she was dumber than a stone. That having been said, I did manage to get across the point that her establishment is stealing money from foreigners, and she is willing to pursue the heart of the matter.
The pertinent question is how did you defeat DCC? Once you've seen the "select TXN currency" on a receipt in Mainland China, you've already been screwed, right?
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Old Sep 12, 2015, 11:13 am
  #2083  
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Originally Posted by Majuki
The pertinent question is how did you defeat DCC? Once you've seen the "select TXN currency" on a receipt in Mainland China, you've already been screwed, right?
They used a pos machine that didn't support DCC.

I still have no clue how to defeat their other pos machines.

Drop me a line next time you're in Shanghai, and we can dive deeper.
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Old Sep 12, 2015, 1:29 pm
  #2084  
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Originally Posted by moondog
They used a pos machine that didn't support DCC.

I still have no clue how to defeat their other pos machines.

Drop me a line next time you're in Shanghai, and we can dive deeper.
Sure. My 中文 skills are 不好 though, so as another 美國 tourist I'd get taken to the DC cleaners without a local advocate. I'll come with a Discover and AmEx as backup.
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Old Sep 16, 2015, 9:05 am
  #2085  
 
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Looks like travelex ATMs are the new norm in airports. I wonder how hard it is to opt out of DCC. I'm afraid touching the American flag on the first screen might not only produce English menus but also select DCC without any opportunity to "unselect" it.

Does anyone have any experience with those machines?
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