Data Point: Opened a US Airways card in 2011. Got the 40k first purchase bonus, as well as the 10k anniversary bonus in 2012. While the card was open, I tried twice to get a new card but was denied both times. Calling for reconsideration didn't work either.
Closed the card almost 2 months ago to avoid the annual fee. Just applied for a new one and got the error message upon submission. Checked the application status--and instantly approved!!!
The new account even shows up in my Barclays online account.
Now I just hope I get the bonus!