You're pushing it, but this, I think is doable.
AFAIK, the quickest way between Málaga and Sevilla is to take the high speed train through Córdoba. (1h55min).
You can do the same on the way back, stopping in Córdoba for a day trip between Seville and Málaga.
As for seeing Ronda, it's a bit out of the way, not on a major highway or train line.